Piroxicam (Piroxicam)
Overview of Piroxicam
Piroxicam is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), possesses analgesic and antipyretic properties. Piroxicam is structurally unrelated to other NSAIDs. It has a long half-life and may be administered as a single daily dose, which can be an advantage over other NSAIDs. The anti-inflammatory potential of it has been equated with that of indomethacin, and its analgesic activity has been shown to be greater than that of aspirin. Piroxicam is indicated in the treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It was approved by the FDA in 1982. The anti-inflammatory effects of it may result from the peripheral inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis due to the inhibition of the enzyme cyclooxygenase. It also can inhibit the activation of neutrophils, which may contribute to antiinflammatory effects as well. Prostaglandins sensitize pain receptors, and their inhibition is believed to be responsible for the analgesic effects of it.
Indication of Piroxicam
Piroxicam is primarily indicated in conditions like Acute gout, Acute spasm and spasm in diagnostic procedures, Ankylosing spondylitis, Benign gastric and duodenal ulceration, Duodenal ulceration, Gout, Juvenile chronic arthritis, Musculoskeletal disorders, Nausea and vomiting (palliative care), Osteoarthritis, Pain, Resistant oedema, Rheumatoid arthritis.
Contraindication of Piroxicam
Piroxicam is contraindicated in conditions like Peptic ulcer,Thrombosis,Impaired hepatic function.
Side Effects of Piroxicam
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Piroxicam, which give rise to further complications include Skin reactions, Erythema.,Piroxicam produces potentially life-threatening effects which include GI bleeding, Aplastic Anemia, Renal damage, Peptic ulceration, Purpura, Pemphigus vulagris. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Piroxicam therapy.,The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Piroxicam include Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Hematuria, GI disturbances, Renal failure, GI hemorrhage, Proteinuria, Hypoprothrombinemia.,The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Piroxicam are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Dizziness, Headache, Palpitation, Insomnia, Confusion, VertigoX, Hearing loss, Mood swings, Paresthesias, Hypoglycemia.
Precautions of Piroxicam
Piroxicam should be used with caution in patients with intrinsic coagulation defects and those on anticoagulant therapy. It should be used with caution in patients with compromised cardiac function, hypertension other condition predisposing to fluid retention. It should be used with extra care in the presence of existing controlled infection. Perform periodic auditory function test during chronic therapy. Discontinue drug if skin reaction occurs.