Mitozantrone Hcl (Mitozantrone Hcl)
Overview of Mitozantrone Hcl
Mitozantrone Hcl is a parenteral, synthetic antineoplastic agent. Chemically, Mitozantrone Hcl is anthracenedione and is structurally similar to the anthracyclines, doxorubicin, daunorubicin and idarubicin. Mitozantrone Hcl is sometimes substituted for doxorubicin or daunorubicin because it has considerably less cardiotoxicity and mitoxantrone is not a vesicant as are the other anthracyclines. Mitozantrone Hcl is used in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents for acute nonlymphocytic leukemias, specifically, for myelogenous, promyelocytic, monocytic and erythroid acute leukemias. Mitozantrone Hcl is also being studied in the treatment of breast carcinomas and refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. This drug was approved by the FDA in 1987. Althoughthe exact mechanism of action is unknown, it appears to bind to DNA by intercalation between base pairs and by a nonintercalative electrostatic interaction, which inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis. It also inhibits topoisomerase II, an enzyme known to be important for the repair of damaged DNA. The interaction with topoisomerase II leads to double strand DNA breaks. The drug is not cell phase specific, but appears to be most active in the late G-2 phase. It has a cytocidal effect on both nonproliferating and proliferating cultured human cells.
Indication of Mitozantrone Hcl
Mitozantrone Hcl is primarily indicated in conditions like Breast cancer, Leukaemia, Lymphoma, Metastatic breast cancer, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Multiple sclerosis, Ovarian cancer, Prostate cancer.
Contraindication of Mitozantrone Hcl
No data regarding the contra indications of Mitozantrone (HCl) is available.
Side Effects of Mitozantrone Hcl
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Mitozantrone (HCl), which give rise to further complications include Marrow hypoplasia, Severe neurotoxicity.,Mitozantrone (HCl) produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Congestive heart failure, Myelosuppression. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Mitozantrone (HCl) therapy.,The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Mitozantrone (HCl) include Nausea, Diarrhea, Sore throat, Subsequent mucositis, Unusual weakness.,The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Mitozantrone (HCl) are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Alopecia, Anorexia, Fever, Dyspnea, Stomatitis, Nausea and vomiting, GI hemorrhage, Amenorrhea, Alopecia.
Precautions of Mitozantrone Hcl
Mitozantrone is not recommended for use during pregnancy or lactation. Immunosuppressent drug should not be given, where possible, to patients with acute infection, dosage reduction or withdrawal should be considered if infection develops, until the infection has been controlled. Blood counts and measurement of hemoglobin concentration should be carried out routinely, it helps to predict the onset of bone marrow depression. Care is required in pateints with reexisting heart failure.