Metoprolol Tartrate (Metoprolol Tartrate)
Overview of Metoprolol Tartrate
Metoprolol (Tartrate) is a cardioselective ß-blocking agent with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. Metoprolol (Tartrate) is approximately equipotent to propranolol in inhibiting ß1 receptors such as those in heart but 50 to 100 fold less potent than propranolol in blocking ß2 receptors. Drugs that blocks the ß1 receptor have been developed to eliminate the unwanted bronchoconstrictor effects (ß2) of propranolol seen among the asthmatic patients. Metoprolol antagonizes ß1 receptors at doses 50 to 100 times less than those required to block ß2 receptors. This cardioselectivty is more pronounced at low doses and is lost at high doses. It lowers the blood pressure in hypertension. It slows the heart rate. Metoprolol (Tartrate) is prepared by chemical synthesis and the racemate is used clinically. Metoprolol (Tartrate) is adminsitered orally and intravenously.
Indication of Metoprolol Tartrate
Metoprolol Tartrate is primarily indicated in conditions like Angina, Cardiac arrhythmia, Hypertension, Hyperthyroidism (adjunct), Maintenance of recurrent duodenal ulcers, Migraine prophylaxis, Myocardial infarction, Prevention of relapse in duodenal ulcer, Severe or recurrent duodenal and gastric ulcertion, Surgery, To prevent recurrence of neural tube defect, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Thyrotoxicosis.
Contraindication of Metoprolol Tartrate
Metoprolol (Tartrate) is contraindicated in conditions like Cardiogenic shock,Bradycardia,Atrioventricular block,Refractory heart failure.
Side Effects of Metoprolol Tartrate
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Metoprolol (Tartrate), which give rise to further complications include Agranulocytosis, Hyperglycemia, Severe bradycardia.,Metoprolol (Tartrate) produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Myocardial depression. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Metoprolol (Tartrate) therapy.,The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Metoprolol (Tartrate) include Bradycardia, Hypotension.,The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Metoprolol (Tartrate) are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Dizziness, Fatigue, Nausea, Vomiting, Alopecia, Diarrhea, Dyspnea, Pruritus, GI upset, Elevation of liver enzymes, Hyperpigmentation, Sleep pattern disturbances, Lassitude, Musculoskeletal pain, Xerosis, Extremities coolness.
Precautions of Metoprolol Tartrate
Metoprolol should be used with caution in diabetic patients and patients with liver or kidney disease or during pregnancy.