Calcium (Calcium)
Overview of Calcium
Calcium is a mineral. Calcium is essential dietary element, constant it level being essential for the maintenance of the normal heart beat. It plays an important role in multiple phases of blood coagulation and in many enzymatic processes. Calcium is required for the development and maintenance of healthy bones and teeth, for normal functioning of nerves, cells and muscles. its supplements are used to ensure proper intake of it during bone development in childhood, during pregnancy and breast-feeding. It prevents development of osteoporosis (bone thinning).,Its derivative Calcium lactate gluconate is a mixture of two calcium salts (calcium gluconate and calcium lactate) that produces a product rich in calcium. It is often used in effervescent calcium tablets. It is perfect for the technique of reverse spherification, while adding no flavor whatsoever to the end product. In the food industry it is used to enrich products with calcium. It is also known as Glucol or Calcium Gluconolactate.
Indication of Calcium
Calcium is primarily indicated in conditions like Acute hypocalcaemia, Hyperphosphataemia, Hypocalcaemia, Hypoparathyroidism, In hypocalcaemic tetany, Osteoporosis prophylaxis, Osteoporosis, if the actual dietary intake less than the RDA, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Blood Pressure, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Hypertension, Premenstrual syndrome, Severe hyperkalaemia, Severe hypermagnesaemia.
Contraindication of Calcium
Calcium is contraindicated in conditions like Hypercalcaemia,Hypercalciuria,Renal calculi.
Side Effects of Calcium
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Calcium, which give rise to further complications include Hypotension, Hypotension, Sinus bradycardia.,Calcium produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Cardiac arrhythmia, Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac arrest. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Calcium therapy.,The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Calcium are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Thirst, Headache, Nausea, Vomiting, Anorexia, Constipation, Abdominal pain, Dry mouth, Confusion, Syncope, Hypophosphatemia, GI irritation, Hypercalcemia, Dry mouth, Confusion.
Precautions of Calcium
Calcium salts should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function, pre-existing arrhythmias, dehydration, diarrhoea, malabsorption or diseases associated with elevated vitamin D concentrations such as sarcoidosis. Solution of calcium salts are irritant and care should be taken to prevent extravasation during intravenous injection. Generally calcium salts should be avoided in patients with calcium renal calculi. Plasma-calcium concentrations should be monitored closely in patients with renal insufficiency and during parentral administration and if large doses of vitamin D are used.