Rifampicin (Rifampicin)
Overview of Rifampicin
Rifampicin belongs to the group of complex macrocyclic antibiotic. Rifampicin is a zwitterionic. Rifampicin results from a condensation reaction between 3-formylrifamycin SV and 1-amino 4-methylpiperazine. Most gram positive and many gram negative bacteria are sensitive to it. itthe major drug in the treatment of tuberculosis. iteffective in combination with ethambutol, isoniazide, streptomycin and the majority of second line drugs.
Indication of Rifampicin
Rifampicin is primarily indicated in conditions like Epilepsy (monotherapy), Iron-deficiency anaemia with chronic renal failure, Leprosy, Meningitis, Meningitis prophylaxis, Mycobacterial infection, Paget's disease of bone, Tuberculosis, Urinary tract infection, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Brucellosis, Endocarditis, Gonorrhoea, Legionnaires' disease.
Contraindication of Rifampicin
Rifampicin is contraindicated in conditions like Hepatic disease,Jaundice.
Side Effects of Rifampicin
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Rifampicin, which give rise to further complications include Thrombocytopenic purpura, Flu-like syndrome.,Rifampicin produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Sensitization, Shock- like syndrome. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Rifampicin therapy.,The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Rifampicin include Edema, Cardiovascular collapse, Nausea & vomiting, Pruritus, Red Man syndrome, Cutaneous pigmentation.,The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Rifampicin are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Nausea, Vomiting, Anorexia, Abdominal discomfort, Orange coloration of secretions.
Precautions of Rifampicin
Rifampicin should be used during pregnancy or lactation only if clearly needed.Alcohol can reduce the effectiveness of this medication and increase side effects. Minimize alcohol consumption while taking rifampacin.Rifampacin can decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives. It should be used with caution in patients with liver problems.