Pentazocine (Pentazocine)
Overview of Pentazocine
Pentazocine is a narcotic analgesic, with mixed agonist and antagonist activity. Pentazocine is more potent than codeine but less effective than morphine. Significant analgesia occurs within 15- 30 min. after oral administration, 15-20 min. after IM injection, and 2-3 min. after IV injection. Onset, duration of action and degree of pain relief are related both to dose and severity of pretreatment pain. it also has some activity as a narcotic antagonist like Naloxone. its derivatives are Pentazocine Hcl and Pentazocine Lactate belongs to class of opioid or narcotic analgesic used to treat moderate to severe pain.
Indication of Pentazocine
Pentazocine is primarily indicated in conditions like Moderate to severe pain, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Anesthesia, Mild to moderate dementia in alzheimer's disease, Premedication in anaesthesia.
Contraindication of Pentazocine
Pentazocine is contraindicated in conditions like Hypertension,Respiratory depression,Raised intracranial pressure,Opioid dependence,CNS depression,Porphyria,Hypersensitivity.
Side Effects of Pentazocine
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Pentazocine, which give rise to further complications include Sinus tachycardia, Tachycardia, Hypotension, Pruritis, Hypertension, Flushing, Epilepsy, Hypoventilation.,Pentazocine produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Respiratory depression, Agranulocytosis. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Pentazocine therapy.,The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Pentazocine include Tachycardia, Respiratory depression, Increase in BP.,The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Pentazocine are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Dizziness, Headache, Nausea, Fever, Dyspnea, Constipation, Sweating, Blurred vision, Chills, Sedation, Hallucination, Cramps, SweatingX, Flushing, Diplopia, Euphoria, Vivid dreams, Nystagmus, Reaction at injection site.
Precautions of Pentazocine
Administer with caution and in low doses in patients with respiratory depression, liver disease, bronchial asthma. Pentazocine Lactate should generally be avoided after myocardial infarction and in patients with renal failure. Patients should observe caution while driving or performing other tasks requiring alertness because it may produce drowsiness.